Abstract: Using an orthogonal optimization experiment, a nickel-based composite coating was produced on the surface of Q235 substrate by laser cladding Ni201 alloy powder after preheating. The surface morphology, P value and contribution rate η of the process parameters were analyzed for the melted layer, and it is found that the scanning speed has the greatest contribution rate to the melt depth, melt height and melt width. By analyzing the R² value and confidence level of each response, it is found that the model has a high degree of fitting with the response data and has a high degree of confidence.Based on the analysis of variance, the optimal process parameters of Ni201 alloy powder are obtained through the design of experiments with the pre-set target value, and the optimal process parameters for Ni201 alloy powder are obtained with a laser power of 2700 W, scanning speed of 300 mm/min and powder feeding rate of 4.58 g/min.