Abstract: The residual stress is a common problem in the hot rolling production of special-shaped section steel.It leads to deformation, which is one of the important factors affecting the yield of related products.Aiming at the problem of residual stress in special-shaped section steel, the current research status in China and other countries was mainly discussed in terms of residual stress testing and research methods, stress generation reasons and stress control.Finally, a summary was made in order to provide reference for the study of the residual stress of special-shaped section steel and the control of stress.