Abstract: The laser shock peening(LSP) of TA15 titanium alloy samples with hole was carried out with the laser energy of 30 J, circular spot diameter of φ4 mm and two shock times, and then the effects of laser shock peening on the residual stress and fatigue property of Ti alloy with hole were studied.The results show that the surface microhardness of TA15 titanium alloy by LSP can reach 402 HV, increased by 9% compared with the base material, while the thick of shock peening layer can reach 0.8 mm.The residual compressive stress induced by LSP can reach-908 MPa on the material surface, increased by 54% compared with the base material.The depth of influence layer of residual compressive stress can reach 1mm, which is obviously better than that of the shot peening of 0.28 mm.The higher residual compressive stress can inhibit the initiation and propagation of fatigue crack, and the deeper influence layer of residual compressive stress is beneficial to reduce the crack growth rate and prolong the crack growth life.LSP can effecttively improve the fatigue life of TA15 titanium alloy with fastener hole under 385 MPa stress level, which is increased by 86% to 337% compared with that of the untreated samples and obviously better than that of the shot peening.The residual compressive stress can reduce the threshold value of crack propagation and the effective stress intensity factor at the crack tip, and cause the fatigue source transfer from the hole angle to the sample surface, while decrease the fatigue strip spacing.