低温环境下石油钻杆材料组织和性能研究
Microstructure and Properties of Petroleum Drill-pipe Materials in Low Temperature Environment
黄本生1,2, 陈勇彬2, 范舟2, 袁鹏斌3
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作者单位：1. 西南石油大学 油气藏地质及开发工程 国家重点实验室, 四川 成都 610500; 2. 西南石油大学 材料科学与工程学院, 四川 成都 610500; 3. 上海海隆石油管材研究所, 上海 200949
中文关键字：石油钻杆； 组织； 低温性能； 冲击性能
英文关键字：oil drill-pipe; microstructure; low temperature performance; impact property
中文摘要：通过显微组织观察、力学性能测试，研究了G105钻杆管体材料26CrMo钢在-40、-50、-60 ℃环境中保温240 min后的组织和性能。结果表明：和室温情况相比， 26CrMo钢的抗拉强度变化较小，但是屈服强度有所增加；26CrMo钢的硬度随环境温度的降低而升高， 冲击韧度在室温环境下为241.1 J·cm-2，-40、-50和-60 ℃下分别为180.3、 166.6 和160.7 J·cm-2，随温度的降低冲击韧度下降；26CrMo钢在低温环境中发生残余奥氏体向马氏体的转变，导致材料力学性能发生变化；断口分析表明，随温度降低26CrMo钢有脆性倾向。
英文摘要：The microstructure and properties of 26CrMo steel at the environment temperature of -40 ℃, -50 ℃and -60 ℃ were studied by mechanical properties test and microstructure observation. The results show that the tensile strength of 26CrMo changes slightly, but yield strength has a little increase. Rockwell hardness of 26CrMo steel increases with the decrease of temperature. Impact toughness is 241.1 J·cm-2 at room temperature, while 180.3 J·cm-2, 166.6 J·cm-2 and 160.7 J·cm-2 at -40 ℃,-50 ℃ and -60 ℃, respectively. The impact toughness decreases with the decrease of temperature. Mechanical properties of 26CrMo steel change due to the transformation of retained austenite into martensite. The results of fracture analysis shows that 26CrMo steel has the tendency toward brittleness with the decrease of temperature.