散热器电子束钎焊温度场和应力场的有限元分析
Finite Element Analysis of Temperature Field and Stress Field in Radiator During Electron Beam Brazing
李军民1， 亢凤林1， 陈芙蓉2
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作者单位：（1.安阳工学院 机械工程系，河南 安阳 455000； 2.内蒙古工业大学 材料科学与工程学院，内蒙古 呼和浩特 010051）
中文关键字：电子束钎焊； 温度场； 应力场； 有限元分析
英文关键字： electron beam brazing; temperature field; stress field; finite element analysis
中文摘要：针对航空飞机上应用的具有管板接头结构的散热器，利用ANSYS软件，建立二维模型，对1Cr18Ni9Ti不锈钢散热器分别按“直接加热”和“分阶段加热”两种电子束钎焊工艺钎焊的温度场和应力场进行了有限元分析。结果表明，采用分阶段加热钎焊工艺时，获得了均匀的钎焊面温度分布，钎焊面大部分区域的温度在1042～1051 ℃之间，且在钎焊温度范围之内；对于径向残余应力，采用直接加热钎焊时，钎焊面上出现明显的应力集中区域，而采用分阶段加热钎焊，钎焊面上没有应力集中区出现；对于周向残余应力，分阶段加热钎焊的拉应力峰值较直接加热钎焊减小了11.2%；两种钎焊工艺的周向残余应力的拉应力峰值都大于径向残余应力的拉应力峰值，说明钎焊面的危险部位沿圆周方向。
英文摘要： Aiming at the radiator with tube-to-plate structure applied in aeroplane, a 2-D model was established. By ANSYS software, the temperature field and stress field of 1Cr18Ni9Ti stainless steel radiator by two kinds of electron beam brazing(EBB) (direct-heating, stage-by-stage heating) were numerically simulated. The results show that the uniform temperature distribution of radiator faying face was obtained by stage-by-stage heating process. The temperature of most regions is 1042～1051℃, which is in the range of brazing temperature. For radial residual stress, the obvious stress concentration region is found in faying face by direct-heating process; while there is no stress concentration in faying face by stage-by-stage heating process. For circumferential residual stress, compared the stage-by-stage heating process with direct-heating process, the peak value of tensile stress reduces by 11.2%. Compared circumferential residual stress with radial residual stress by two kinds of process, the peak value of circumferential tensile stress is higher than radial tensile stress. So the dangerous position of faying face is along circle direction.